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French School Lunch: Official Nutrition Guidelines Explained

French school lunch tray with baked fish, cauliflower, and a slice of lemon

When my kids first started school in France, I remember being shocked by the lunch menus. Not because the French school lunch was unusual — but because they were so normal. Real food. Variety. Actual vegetables. Cheese chosen for calcium, not convenience. And always a balance between pleasure and health.

Over the years I learned that none of this happens by chance. French school lunches follow strict national nutritional guidelines — some of the most detailed in the world — designed to ensure children eat a varied, balanced, and delicious meal every day.

Here’s a closer look at what those guidelines include.

Basic French Nutritional Guidelines for School Lunches

  • Every French school. lunch must include a main dishsidedairy product, and a starter and/or dessert.
  • Menus must rotate across at least 20 different meals.
  • Portions must be adapted to age and dish type.
  • Water must be available without restriction.
  • Fresh bread must be available freely.
  • Salt and sauces (mayonnaise, vinaigrette, ketchup) are limited and served only when appropriate to the meal.

These rules sit alongside the more recent requirement that 50% of ingredients must be organic and/or locally sourced.

Monthly Food Frequency Requirements

Based on a 20-meal rotation, schools must include:

  • 10 meals with raw vegetables or fresh fruit
  • 8 meals with fresh fruit as dessert
  • 10 meals with cooked vegetables (excluding dry legumes)
  • 10 meals with dry legumes or starches (rice, pasta, wheat, potatoes)
  • 8 meals with cheese providing ≥150 mg calcium
  • 4 meals with cheese providing ≥100 mg calcium
  • 6 meals with dairy products low in fat (≤5 g) and high in calcium
  • 4 meals with non-ground meat (beef, veal, lamb)
  • 4 meals with fish or a fish-based dish with ≥70% fish
  • Fewer than 4 meals with dishes containing <70% meat, fish, or eggs
  • At most 4 main dishes with fatty foods (>15% fat)
  • At most 3 desserts containing fatty ingredients
  • No more than 4 fried or pre-fried dishes
  • At most 2 main dishes with as much fat as protein
  • No more than 4 sugary desserts with ≥15% fat

This level of detail ensures children get enough fiber, vitamins, minerals, and quality protein — and not too much sugar, fat, or processed foods.

Cultural Norms Behind These Guidelines

Even within these regulations, French food culture shines through:

  • Bread, cheese, and dairy remain central.
  • Moderation is built in — sweet or fried foods are allowed, just not often.
  • Variety is a priority: no elementary school meal is repeated within the same month.

This variety is one reason French children are exposed to so many flavors early — and why they often learn to eat (or at least try) almost anything.

Want More About French School Lunches?

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This post is updated regularly to keep the information fresh and accurate.